Endnotes

[1] Levi and Handley (1998a); Association of Payment Clearing Services (2002); www.epaynews.com/statistics/fraud.html [Full text ][Full text ]

[2] Association of Payment Clearing Services (2002); www.epaynews.com/statistics/fraud.html

[3] Levi and Handley (1998a). [Full text ]

[4] Levi (1998).

[5] U.S. General Accounting Office (2002). [Full text ]

[6] U.S. House (1998). [Full text ]

[7] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[8] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[9] Levi (2000). [Full text ]

[10] Levi and Handley (1998a); Association of Payment Clearing Services (2002); www.epaynews.com/statistics/fraud.html [Full text ]

[11] Levi and Handley (1998b). [Full text ]

[12] Taylor (2002). [Full text ]

[13] Clarke and Newman (2002).

[14] Levi, Bissell, and Richardson (1991). [Full text ]

[15] Levi, Bissell, and Richardson (1991). [Full text ]

[16] Duncan (1995).

[17] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[18] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[19] Mann (2002). [Full text ]

[20] Levi (2000). [Full text ]

[21] Ekblom (2000). [ Abstract only ]

[22] Levi (2000); Levi and Handley (1998a, 1998b).[Full text ] [Full text ] [Full text ]

[23] Mativat and Tremblay (1998). [Abstract only ]

[24] Scott (2001). [Full text ]

[25] Levi and Handley (n.d.). [Full text ]

[26] Mativat and Tremblay (1997). [ Abstract only ]

[27] Lacoste and Tremblay (2003) [ Full text ]

[28] Levi, Bissell, and Richardson (1991); Levi and Handley (1998a). [Full text ][Full text ]

[29] Mativat and Tremblay (1997). [ Abstract only ]

[30] Scottsdale Police Department (1995). [Full text ]

[31] Levi and Handley (n.d.). [Full text ]

[32] Masuda (1996).

[33] Knutsson and Kulhorn (1997).

[34] Texas Banking (2001).

[35] Pierce (2003); Clarke (2001a); Painter and Tilly (1999) [Full text ] [Full text ]

[36] Levi and Handley (n.d.). [Full text ]

[37] DiLonardo (1996).

[38] McKinnon and Tallam (2002).

[39] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[40] McKinnon and Tallam (2002); Laycock and Tilley (1995).[Full text ]

[41] McKinnon and Tallam (2002).

[42] Clarke (1997); Clarke (2001b). [Full text ]

[43] Clarke (2001a). [Full text ]

[44] Clarke (1997).

[45] Levi and Handley (n.d.). [Full text ]

[46] Chermak (1995).

[47] CALPIRG (2000). [Full text ]

[48] Newman and Clarke (2003).

[49] Sampson (2002). [Full text ]

[50] Sutton (1995).

[51] Levi (2000); Mativat and Tremblay (1997).[Full text ] [ Abstract only ]

[52] Levi, Bissel, and Richardson (1991). [Full text ]

[53] Eck and Weisburd (1995). [Full text ]

[54] Scottsdale Police Department (1995). [Full text ]

[55] Scottsdale Police Department (1995). [Full text ]

[56] Newton (1994); Mativat and Tremblay (1997). [ Abstract only ]

[57] Charlton and Taylor (2003). [Full text ]

[58] Scottsdale Police Department (1995). [Full text ]

[59] Clarke (2001a). [Full text ]