• Center for Problem oriented policing

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References

Alexandria (Virginia) Police Department (1995). "Alexandria Alcohol Interdiction Program." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Ammann, J. (2000). "Addressing Quality-of-Life Crimes in Our Cities: Criminalization, Community Courts and Community Compassion." Saint Louis University Law Journal 44:811–820. [Full Text]

Barta, P. (1999). "Giuliani, Broken Windows and the Right To Beg." Georgetown Journal of Poverty Law & Policy 6:165–194. [Abstract only]

Bittner, E. (1967). "The Police on Skid Row: A Study of Peace Keeping."  American Sociological Review 32(5):699–715.

Bland, N., and T. Read (2000). Policing Anti-Social Behaviour. Police Research Series, Paper 123. London: Home Office. [Full Text]

Burke, R. (2000). "The Regulation of Begging and Vagrancy: A Critical Discussion." Crime Prevention and Community Safety 2(2):43–52.

----- (1998). "Begging, Vagrancy and Disorder." In R.H. Burke (ed.), Zero Tolerance Policing. Leicester, England: Perpetuity Press.

Burns, M. (1992). "Fearing the Mirror: Responding to Beggars In a 'Kinder and Gentler' America." Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 19(3):783–844. [Full Text]

Butterfield, F. (1988). "New Yorkers Growing Angry Over Aggressive Panhandlers." New York Times, July 28, p. A1.

Center for the Community Interest (1996). "Aggressive Panhandling (Model Ordinance)." Washington, D.C.: Center for the Community Interest.

Chicago Tribune (1994). "Evanston Fights Panhandlers—With a Smile." May 27, p. 1.

Cosgrove, C., and A. Grant (1997). National Survey of Municipal Police Departments on Urban Quality-of-Life Initiatives. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.

Criminal Justice Legal Foundation (1994). A Guide To Regulating Panhandling. Sacramento, Calif.: Criminal Justice Legal Foundation.

Delmonico, D. (1996). "Aggressive Panhandling Legislation and the Constitution: Evisceration of Fundamental Rights—Or Valid Restrictions Upon Offensive Conduct?" Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 23:557–590. [Full Text]

Duneier, M. (1999). Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Egan, T. (1993). "In 3 Progressive Cities, It's Law vs. Street People." New York Times, Dec. 12.

Ellickson, R. (1996). "Controlling Chronic Misconduct in City Spaces: Of Panhandlers, Skid Rows and Public-Space Zoning." Yale Law Journal 105(5):1165–1248.

Evanston Police Department (1995). "Anti-Panhandling Strategy." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full text] Cited in Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. [Full Text] Also published as Mulholland, J., J. Sowa and E. Steinhoff (1997). "Evanston Reduces Aggressive Panhandling by Influencing the Behavior of Givers." Problem-Solving Quarterly 10(1):9–12. [Full Text]

----- (n.d.). "Panhandling in Evanston: Preliminary Report." Evanston, Illinois: Evanston Police Department.

Felson, M., M. Belanger, G. Bichler, C. Bruzinski, G. Campbell, C. Fried, K. Grofik, I. Mazur, A. O'Regan, P. Sweeney, A. Ullman, and L. Williams (1996). "Redesigning Hell: Preventing Crime and Disorder at the Port Authority Bus Terminal." In R. Clarke (ed.), Preventing Mass Transit Crime. Crime Prevention Studies, Vol. 6. Monsey, New York: Criminal Justice Press. [Full Text]

Fontana Police Department (1998). "Transient Enrichment Network." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Goldstein, B. (1993). "Panhandlers at Yale: A Case Study in the Limits of Law." Indiana Law Review 27(2):295–359.

Green Bay (Wis.) Police Department (1999). "Street Sweeping, Broadway Style." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. Published in Police Executive Research Forum, National Institute of Justice and Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (2000). Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing: The 1999 Herman Goldstein Award Winners. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. [Full Text]

Harcourt, B. (1998). "Reflecting on the Subject: A Critique of the Social Influence Conception of Deterrence, the Broken Windows Theory and Order-Maintenance Policing, New York Style." Michigan Law Review 97:291–389. [Full Text]

Heimberger, B. (1992). "Working the Nightshift." Problem-Solving Quarterly 5(4):1–2.[Full Text]

Hershkoff, H., and R. Conner (1993). "Aggressive Panhandling Laws." ABA Journal 79 (June):40–41. [Full Text]

Higdon, R. and P. Huber (1987). How To Fight Fear: The COPE Program Package. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.

Kelling, G. (1999). 'Broken Windows' and Police Discretion. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice. [Full Text]

Kelling, G., and C. Coles (1996). Fixing Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities. New York: Free Press.

----- (1994). "Disorder and the Court." Public Interest 116 (Summer):57–74.

Kozlowski, J. (1999). "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? Panhandling in Public Parks and Places." NRPA Law Review 34 (December):34–41.

Lankenau, S. (1999). "Stronger Than Dirt: Public Humiliation and Status Enhancement Among Panhandlers." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 28(3):288–318.

Leoussis, F. (1995). "The New Constitutional Right To Beg—Is Begging Really Protected Speech?" Saint Louis University Public Law Review 14(2):529–550. [Full Text]

Little, J. (1992). "Moral Dilemma." St. Louis Post-Dispatch, June 7, p. C1.

Luckenbach, R., and P. Acosta (1993). "The Street Beggar: Victim or Con Artist?" The Police Chief (October):126–128.

Mabry, C. (1994). "Brother, Can You Spare Some Change?—And Your Privacy, Too?: Avoiding a Fatal Collision Between Public Interests and Beggars' First Amendment Rights." University of San Francisco Law Review 28(2):310–341. [Full Text]

Manning, N. (2000). "The Make-It-Count Scheme: A Partnership Response to Begging in Stoke-on-Trent City Centre." Problem-Solving Quarterly 13(3):5–8. [Full Text]

Mitchell, C. (1994). "Aggressive Panhandling Legislation and Free Speech Claims: Begging for Trouble." New York Law School Law Review 39(4):697–717.

Munzer, S. (1997). "Ellickson on 'Chronic Misconduct' in Urban Spaces: Of Panhandlers, Bench Squatters and Day Laborers." Harvard Civil Rights—Civil Liberties Law Review 32:1–48.

New York City Police Department (1994). Police Strategy No. 5: Reclaiming the Public Spaces of New York. New York: New York City Police Department.

New York Times (1993). "Plan Helps Panhandlers With Vouchers, Not Quarters." Current Events Edition. Sept. 26, p. I42.

Nichols, P. (1997). "The Panhandler's First Amendment Right: A Critique of Loper v. New York City Police Department and Related Academic Commentary." South Carolina Law Review 48:267–291. [Full Text]

Nkrumah, W. (1998). "Shoppers Can Get Vouchers To Offer Panhandlers." The Oregonian.

St. Petersburg (Florida) Police Department (1997). "Repeat Alcoholic Offenders in Downtown St. Petersburg." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. [Full Text]

Santa Ana Police Department (1993). "Harbor Plaza/Riverbed Project." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Cited in Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. [Full Text] Also published as Tegeler, B. (1993). "Shopping Center Blues." Problem-Solving Quarterly 6(4):4–5. [Full Text]

Savannah (Georgia) Police Department (1995). "Crime Suppression Unit P.O.P. Project." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Seattle Police Department (2000). Problem-Solving: Nine Case Studies and Lessons Learned. Seattle: Seattle Police Department.

Skogan, W. (1990). Disorder and Decline: Crime and the Spiral of Decay in American Neighborhoods. New York: Free Press.

Stark, L. (1992). "From Lemons to Lemonade: An Ethnographic Sketch of Late 20th Century Panhandling." New England Journal of Public Policy 8(1):341–352.

Teir, R. (1998). "Restoring Order in Urban Public Spaces." Texas Review of Law & Politics 2:256–291. [Full Text]

----- (1993). "Maintaining Safety and Civility in Public Spaces: A Constitutional Approach to Panhandling." Louisiana Law Review 54(2):285–338. [Full Text]

University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Police and Security (1997). "UW Police Response to Alcoholic Vagrants." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Vancouver Police Department (1999). "Intersecting Solutions." Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Wall Street Journal (1993). "Vouchers for Panhandlers." Aug. 26, p. A1.

Walston, G. (1999). "Examining the Constitutional Implications of Begging Prohibitions in California." Whittier Law Review 20:547–575.

Wilson, G. (1991). "Exposure to Panhandling and Beliefs About Poverty Causation." Sociology and Social Research 76(1):14–19.

Ybarra, M. (1996). "Don't Ask, Don't Beg, Don't Sit." New York Times, May 19.

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